Claude j



C. J. HULSLAG.

ALTEBNATING CURRENT WELDING TRANSFORMER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14. IQIB.

1 ,305, 36 l Patented June 3, 1919.

awumxk c attorney STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLAUDE J. HOIiSLA G, F PEEKSKILL, NEW YORK.

ALTEBNATING-CUBRENT WELDING-TRANSFORMER.

To all whom it may concern:

, Be it known that I, CLAUDE J. HoLsLAe, a citizen of the United States, residing at Peekskill, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Alternating-Current Welding-Transformers, of

which the following is'a specification.

In the specification filed with my ap lication-No. 198,252, filed October 24, 191 I have shown diagrammatically and described a means for usingalternating current for electric arc welding and cutting. In the above mentioned application, I have pointed out characteristics which welding apparatus should possess and the resultsthat should be obtained therefrom. I have also pointed out, in said application, the desirability of using alternating current and the difficulties attendant on its use. While the aforesaid mentioned application describes and illus-' trates a working mechanism for cutting and welding by alternating current, thepresent application covers a commercial develop ment of the invention referred to in said earlier application.

.I have found that an improved control and regulation of the welding or cutting arc is obtained by arranging the windings on the core so that a portion of the secondary winding is commingled or closely intermingled with the primary winding and the balance of the secondary winding wound on the core remote from the primary,'the reasons for which will be hereinafter pointed out.

In order to get suitable control and regulation of the are for various kinds of work, meansare provided, as in my aforesaid ap plication, for directing the flux as well as providing taps on the windings in order to vary their effective lengths. It will be understood that after the machine is set to perform a certain class of work no further adjustment is required as the apparatus is then automatic in the control of the are, the voltage for which is delivered directly at the terminals of the machine without the intervention of outside regulating devices. From the drawings attached hereto and the description, it will be seen that thisform of commercial development,a.s shownfand described, is very small and compact :and thus easily portable. j In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective View of the transformer used for producing t e arc.

Specification-of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3, 1919.

Application filed January 14, 1918. Sefial It 0. 211,881.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view,'particularly showing the means for adjusting the position of the flux controller.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view showing the disposition, as closely as possible,- of the windings employed. Y

Referring now to the details, 1 is a core, preferably laminated, and of the closed circuit type. Located on the leg 2 of the core is a primary winding 3 designed to besuitably connected through its terminals 4 with a source of alternating current. Arranged on another leg 6 of the core, remote from the leg 2 is a portion 5 of a secondary winding (which I preferably term'the auxiliary secondary). The second portion 7 of the secondary winding (which I preferably term the main secondary) is arranged on the leg 2, and the turns thereof are intimately associated or commingled with those of the primary winding 3. a This arrangement of the second portion of the secondary winding constitutes an important commercialv development as I have. demonstrated that the placing of a part of the secondary winding on the same leg of the core as that on which the primaryis located in any other relation to the pr mary, as for instance, in

the form of a coil along side of the primary coil, falls short in securing the "very best results due to magnetic leakage of the flux set up by the two windings. A part of this difliculty may be overcome in my earlier construction wherein the primary and main secondary coils are diagrammatically shown arranged side by side, by increasing the number of turns on the main secondary coil 'which means the use of a larger conductorand a more expensive and heavier machine; therefore it is readily seen that the commercial development described hereinn-educes the cost and weight of the apparatus besides making it more eflicient, since the method of winding the primary and main secondary coils, as above described, produces a relation therebetween such that the reactance factor between these two wind ings is extremely low, whereas the auxiliary secondary winding, which is remote from the main secondary winding has-a high and variable reactance factor. The main and auxiliary secondary windings are connected as indicated by 10 and their outer terminals are connected, one to a cutting or welding electrode 8 and the other to the work 9 which is to be-cut, welded or repaired. Each of the windings employed is provided at one or more intermediate points with taps requirements for welding or cutting different metals either when clean or when having dirt, grease, oil, slag or the like on the parts to be operated upon. These taps on the pri- 7 mary coil 3 are indicated at 12 andthose on the auxiliary secondary coil 5 by 13 and those on the main secondary coil by 14.

Interposed between the legs of the core is a flux controller 15, which, in the form shown, is composed of laininated bars of a length slightly less than the distance between the'transverse portions 21 of the core. In order that the flux controller may be movedto any desired position relative to the transverse portions of the core to substantially close, wholly or in part, the magnetic circuit, or to be moved out of line with such portions to'reduce its effect on such circuit, it is mountedon'a frame consisting of the arms 16 secure to the transverse portions of the core and connecting bars 17 se cured to the outer ends of the arms. The flux controller has in it an opening containing a nut 18 and receiving a screw 19. Theends of the screw are connected to the bars 17 in a, manner to allow of thescrew being freely rotated and to be retained against longitudinal movement. Attached -to one end of the's'crew is a handle for convenience in turning the screw,'and by the use of which the flux cont-roller may quickly be 1 moved to occupy the desired position relative to the core. Secured to each end of'the a bar l5are outwardly extending brass springs 11, which bear uponthe-inner faces of the respective transverse portions of the core. The frictional contact between the screw and the nut 18 and that of the springs on the core are sufiicient'to retain the flux controller in any position in which it may be placed. against movement by reason of attraction exerted upon it when currents pass through the coils on the core.

In general the operation of the transformer herein-shown and described is similar 1n many respects to that shown and described instantaneously develops additional magnetic flux which acts quickly in opposition to the change in the primary circuit, retarding it sufficiently to establish a condition first determined upon as best suited for the work. This particular action is much more profrom noun'ced in the present arrangement herein shown and described than where the rimary and main secondary are separate. urthermore, as already pointed out the reactance 'factor between the primary and main secondary coil is extremely low while the reac- .tance factor of the auxiliary secondary coil,

which islocated on the leg remote from the leg carrying the primary and main sec-. ondary coil, ishigh and variable so that the auxiliary secondary coil serves to produce a puncture or guardian voltage adapted to vary rapidly to suit the conditions of the are, thus making it possible to use any kind of an electrode with my welding apparatus,

or bare electrodes.

In addition to the benefits obtained as already pointed out 'by intermingling the main secondary with the primary winding, anadditional advantage is obtained by an increased efiiciency since practically all of the magnetic flux set up by the primary acts on the main secondary turns thereby generating a more constant E. M; F. in this part of the secondary winding than is possible in other associations of these coils, and a hotter are results.

As a result of the automatic control of current by the means described I am able to produce an improved commercial alternat ing current welding apparatus which de up and carry it to' any place where it is desired to be used, and an apparatus which does all the work formerly performed by a large motor generator set weighing several times as much and costing a great deal more.

While I have shown and described an im- '-z'. e., either slag or other covered electrodes 'difiicult-y. Further the machine is light in weight, so that two mencan readily pick it proved commercial development of my.inv vention, I do not wish to be limited to the exact details; as numerous'changes may be windings thereon, a part of the secondary being associated with the primary, while the balance of the secondary is located on the core remote from the primary and said first part,.whereby the magnetic flux is directecl in paths to meet varying conditions of the welding, cutting and repairing operations.

' 2. Apparatusutilizing alternating current for metallic arc Welding, cutting and repairing including a transformer having a magnetizable core with primary and secondary windings thereon, apart of the secondary,

being associated with the prlmary, while the balance of the secondary 'is'located on the core remote from the primary and sad first" part, whereby the magnetic flux is di rected in paths to meet varying conditions of part, whereby the magnetic flux is directed thewelding, cutting and repairing operations, and a flux controller to assist in d balance of the secondary is locatedon the core remote from the primary and said first in paths to meet varying conditions of the welding, cutting and repairing operations,

and taps on said windings to vary their effective lengths.

4. Appa'ratus'uti'lizing alternating current for electric. arc welding, cutting and repairing, including a transformer having a'closed clrcuit core with primary and secondary the core remote from the primary and said first part whereby the magnetic fluX isv di-I 40irected in paths to meet very rapidly the varying conditions of, the Welding, cutting :or repairing operations..

5. Apparatus ntilizingalternating current" for electric arc-welding, cutting and repair-' ing, lncludirig a transformer having a closed circuit core with primary. and secondary windings thereon,-a part of the secondary being intermingled with the primary while the balance of the. secondaryis located on the core remote from the primary. and said first; part whereby the magnetic flux is d-irected' in paths to meet very rapidly the varying conditions of the weldingycu'tting or repairing operations, and a'fiux controller to assist in controllingthe amount ofjflux passing through the said remote secondary portion.-

- 6. Apparatus utilizing alternating current for electric arc welding, cutting and repairing, 1nclud1ng a transformer having a closed circuit core with; primary. and secondary windings thereon, a part of the's'econdary being intermingled with the primary while the balance of the secondary islocated on the core remote from the primary whereby the magnetic flux is directed in paths to meet very rapidly the varying conditions of the welding, cutting or repairing" operations, and a flux controller to assist in controlling the amount of flux passing through the said remote secondary portion, said flux conably a closed circuit core with primary and secondary windings soarranged thereon that a resultant secondary E. M. F. is produced 30 across the arc, struckby an electrode conrfected to one-terminal of the secondary and the material to be welded, cut or repaired connected to the other'terminal of the secondary, such thatsaid resultant E. M. F.' passes from a prolonged maximum value of one polarity to a prolonged maximum value of opposite polarity.

8. Apparatus utilizing alternating current for metallicarc. welding, cutting and repairing, including a transformer having preferably a-closed circuit core with primary and secondary windings thereon, said secondary being divided in two portions, one of whlch generates substantially a uniform part of the working E. M. F. and the other portion a non-uniform E. M. F. which acts to modify the effect of the E: M. 'F. generated by the first portion: whereby a steady arc .is mainwindings thereon, a part of the secondary being intermingled with the primary while the balance of the secondary is located on "secondary windings thereon, said secondary winding-being divided in two portions, one

'-of which is associated with the primary and the other portion on a part of the core remote from .the primary and first portion whereby the two portions of the secondary generate E. M. Fs. which combine to; maintain an are when such arcis struck between metal electrodes connected to the secondary terminals.

'10. Apparatus utilizing alternating current 'f or metallic arc welding, cutting or repairing, 1nclud1ng' a transformer having preferably a closed circuit core with primary and secondary windings thereon, said secjondaryiwinding ing divided; in two portions, one'of which is associated with the primary and the other'portion one part of the core remote from the primary and first portion; said second portion generating an E? M. F. which acts'as a puncturing voltage to -respond to changes in the welding, cutting or repairing conditions of the are es- 'tablished between metal electrodes adapted to be connected to the terminals of the secondary of the transformer.-

11. A paratus utlllzmg rent formetallic arc welding, cutting and repairing, including a. transformer having portion,

E. M. F. which is adapted to be shifted in preferably a closed circuit core with primary and secondary windings thereon, said ,secondary winding being divided in two portions, one of which is associated with the primary and the other portion on a part of the core remotefrom the primary and first said second portion generating an phase relation with reference to the F. enerated by the first portion whereby a resultant E. M. F is obtained across the are established between metal electrodes connected to the terminals of thesecondary of the transformer.

,12. Apparatus utilizing alternating current'for metallic arc welding, cutting and repairing, including a transformer having preferably a closed circuit core withprimary and secondary windings thereon, sa dsecondaryrwinding being dividedin two portions, one of which is associated with the primary and the other portion on a part of the core remote from; the primary and first portion, each said portions generating E. M;

Fs. of different characteristics combmlng, when anarc is struck to produce an E. M. F.

which reciprocates across the metal are electrodesconnected to the secondary ter-- minal with a sudden change between substantial maxima of different polarity.

13. Apparatus utilizing alternating current for electric arc welding, cutting or repairing, including a transformer having a closed circuit core with primary and sec ondary windings thereon, characterized by one part of the-secondary being closely intermingled with'the primary so as to have a .very low reactance factor while the other portionofthe secondary is located-remote from the primary and has a high and Variable reactancefactor whereby a very rapidly responding'action is secured'to meet varying conditions of the welding, cutting or repairing operations. 14. Apparatus utilizing alternating current fo r electric arc welding, cutting. or repairing, including atransformer having a closed circuit core with primary and secondary windings thereon, characterized by one part of-the secondary being closely intermingled with the primary whereby each of these windings in very rapidly responsive to changes inthe circuit including the other;

while the other part of the secondary is 10-- catedremote from the primary and said alternating curfirst part whereby the efiects of the first mentioned windings'are regulated to suit the conditions of the arc circuit which in- 4 cludes both parts of said secondary.

15. Metallic are cutting and welding apparatus including a transformer having a --closed circuit core, a primary; windin' on one leg of the core, a secondary wm mg having a main portion thereof intermingled with the primary winding and an auxiliary portion on another leg of the core and a .flux controller constructed and arranged to acton the main flux path inside the regular magnetic circuit embraced by the said windinfluence of the primary energizing means .to furnish the uniform part of the induced F. in the secondary. circuit, another secondary winding indirectly subjected to the influence of the primary energizing means to supply an limit the amount of current which will flow in the secondary, circuit and which further as- 'sists. in producing a'persistent are when the same is struck between said electrodes.

17. Electric are cutting and welding apparatus including an alternating current v transformer having a closed circuit core with a primary winding'thereon; a subdivided E. M. F. which acts to f secondary, the terminals of which are adapted to be connected directly to metallic arc electrodes, one portion. of said secondary I being intimately associated with said primary to generate the uniform portion of the.

working M. F., another portion of the secondary arranged on the core separated from the primary for generating a varying E. M. F. to regulate the watts used atth'e arc.- v

18. Apparatus utilizing alternating current for metallic arc welding, cutting and repairing, including a transformer having a magnetizable core with primary and sec ondary windings thereon, a part of the secondary being associated with the primary,

while the balance ofthe secondary is located onthe'core remote from the primary and said first part, whereby the two parts coact so that the voltage required at the'arc is delivered directly from the terminals of said secondary winding. 7

In testimony whereof I afiixmy signature.

' CLAUDE J. HOLSLAG. 

